好多人都会觉得加拿大的医疗福利很好, 政府为全民准备一套很好的医疗体制, 让全民退休后无后顾之忧。确实身为加拿大身份的居民, 出生后就得到政府的医疗保障直至终老。
Many people think that Canada’s medical welfare are very consummate, and the Government has prepared a good medical system for the Canadian, so that people will have no worries after retirement. As a resident of Canadian, he is guaranteed medical support from birth until he is old.
每位在加拿大居住的居民, 居民的定义是合法在加拿大居住的人(包括加拿大公民, 永久居民, 难民和在加拿大有留学生签证, 工作签证的外籍人士), 都会有一张由政府发出的personal health card, 作为个人应诊登记之用。加拿大政府医疗保险实际是由各省政府自行管理, 而各省的医疗保险规定也大同小异, 但郄不完全一样, 所以必须要了解你所处省区的医疗保险规定细则。
Resident living in Canada is defined as a person who is legally resident in Canada (including Canadian citizens, permanent residents, refugees and foreigners who have a student visa or work visa in Canada) and will have a personal health card issued by the Government for personal medical registration. The Canadian government’s medical insurance is managed by the provincial governments, and the medical insurance regulations of the provinces are similar, but they are not exactly the same as, so you must understand the medical insurance rules in your province.
加拿大的医药费用分为两部份: 医疗费和药费。医疗费是由政府负担, 包括在诊所看医生, 化验室的检查费, 医院的手术费和住院费。而一般药费都需要由病人自负, 包括眼科(验眼, 配眼镜), 牙科(牙齿检查,假牙, 口腔护理), 助听器, 处方药物, 医疗设备和仪器, 还有救护车, 家庭护理, 物理治疗。
Medical expenses in Canada are divided into two parts: medical expenses and medicines. Medical expenses are borne by the Government, including doctors in clinics, laboratory inspection fees, hospital surgery fees and hospitalization fees. General drugs charges are afforded by the patients, including ophthalmology (eye examination, glasses), dentistry (dental examination, dentures, oral care), hearing aids, prescription drugs, medical equipment and instruments, as well as ambulances, home care, physiotherapy.
但是公务员或是在一些福利较好的公司还为员工购买医疗保险, 最多80%的药费报销。而个人也可以自行额外购买医疗保险, 65岁以上就不用购买, 所有费用由政府支付。
However, civil servants or some companies with better welfare also purchase medical insurance for their employees, it could claim up to 80% of the drug reimbursement. People can also buy extra health insurance on their own. They do not need to purchase more than 65 years old, and all expenses are paid by the government.
可以说在加拿大的长者生活医疗保障顾虑相当低。
It can be said that the health care concerns of the elderly in Canada are quite low.
加拿大的医生大多通过多年的医学系苦读实习, 成为私人的执业医生, 由非政府协会发执照牌, 自己开业, 受法律管制。而病人需要自行找自己的家庭医生, 不过很多医生很少接新证。原因是政府一年最多向一个家庭医生拨款40万加元, 一般医生开业不到10年就可以达到上限, 所以挂牌不再接新病人, 专心服务现有的病人。所以很多新移民, 留学生, 外国劳工, 很难找到家庭医生。可幸的是政府有health Service, 为初到加拿大的安排可以接新证的医生预约, 让初到的安心。
Most Canadian doctors have become private practitioners through over 6 to 8 years in the medical department, licensed by non-governmental associations, and open their own businesses, and are regulated by law. Patients need to find their own family doctor, but many doctors rarely receive new certificates. The reason is that the Government allocates up to $400,000 a year to a family doctor. The average doctor can reach the upper limit in less than 10 years, so the listing is no longer connected to new patients, and the existing patients are dedicated. So many new immigrants, international students, foreign workers, have difficulty finding family doctors. Fortunately, the government has health service, which allows doctors who can get a new card to make an appointment for the first arrival in Canada.
至于药物方面, 主要由持证注册药剂师才能卖, 医生和医院是不卖药, 避免医生从药中盈利的弊端。病人需要自费到私人企业的药房购买由医生开的药方药品。
For medicines, it is mainly sold by licensed registered pharmacists, doctors and hospitals are not allowed to sell medicines directly to patients, it is to avoid the drawbacks of doctors making profits from medicines. Patients need to go to the pharmacy of a private company at their own expense to purchase prescription medicines prescribed by a doctor.
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